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href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link active sidebar-link sidebar-page active" aria-label="智力题"><span class="icon iconfont icon-lock" style=""></span>智力题<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_1、有-25-匹⻢和-5-条赛道-赛⻢过程无法进行计时-只能知道相对快慢。问最少需要几场赛⻢可以知道前3名" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="1、有 25 匹⻢和 5 条赛道，赛⻢过程⽆法进⾏计时，只能知道相对快慢。问最少需要⼏场赛⻢可以知道前3名?"><!---->1、有 25 匹⻢和 5 条赛道，赛⻢过程⽆法进⾏计时，只能知道相对快慢。问最少需要⼏场赛⻢可以知道前3名?<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_2、给定两条绳子-每条绳子烧完正好一个小时-并且绳子是不均匀的。问要怎么准确测量-15分钟。" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="2、给定两条绳⼦，每条绳⼦烧完正好⼀个⼩时，并且绳⼦是不均匀的。问要怎么准确测量 15分钟。"><!---->2、给定两条绳⼦，每条绳⼦烧完正好⼀个⼩时，并且绳⼦是不均匀的。问要怎么准确测量 15分钟。<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_3、有-9-个球-其中-8-个球质量相同-有-1-个球比较重。要求用-2-次天平-找出比较重的那个球。" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="3、有 9 个球，其中 8 个球质量相同，有 1 个球⽐较重。要求⽤ 2 次天平，找出⽐较重的那个球。"><!---->3、有 9 个球，其中 8 个球质量相同，有 1 个球⽐较重。要求⽤ 2 次天平，找出⽐较重的那个球。<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_4、有-20-瓶药丸-其中-19-瓶药丸质量相同为-1克-剩下一瓶药丸质量为-1-1-克。瓶子中有无数个药丸。要求用一次天平找出药丸质量-1-1克的药瓶。" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="4、有 20 瓶药丸，其中 19 瓶药丸质量相同为 1克，剩下⼀瓶药丸质量为 1.1 克。瓶⼦中有⽆数个药丸。要求⽤⼀次天平找出药丸质量 1.1克的药瓶。"><!---->4、有 20 瓶药丸，其中 19 瓶药丸质量相同为 1克，剩下⼀瓶药丸质量为 1.1 克。瓶⼦中有⽆数个药丸。要求⽤⼀次天平找出药丸质量 1.1克的药瓶。<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_5、有两个杯子-容量分别为-5-升和-3-升-水的供应不断。问怎么用这两个杯子得到-4-升的水。" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="5、有两个杯⼦，容量分别为 5 升和 3 升，⽔的供应不断。问怎么⽤这两个杯⼦得到 4 升的⽔。"><!---->5、有两个杯⼦，容量分别为 5 升和 3 升，⽔的供应不断。问怎么⽤这两个杯⼦得到 4 升的⽔。<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_6、【概率论问题】家里有两个孩子-一个是女孩-另一个也是女孩的概率是多少" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="6、【概率论问题】家⾥有两个孩⼦，⼀个是⼥孩，另⼀个也是⼥孩的概率是多少？"><!---->6、【概率论问题】家⾥有两个孩⼦，⼀个是⼥孩，另⼀个也是⼥孩的概率是多少？<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_7、参赛者会看⻅三扇关闭了的⻔-其中一扇的后面有一辆汽⻋-选中后面有⻋的那扇⻔可赢得该汽⻋-另外两扇⻔后面则各藏有一只山羊。当参赛者选定了一扇⻔-但未去开启它的时候-节目主持人开启剩下两扇⻔的其中一扇-露出其中一只山羊。主持人其后会问参赛者要不要换另一扇仍然关上的⻔。问题是-换另一扇⻔会否增加参赛者赢得汽⻋的机率。" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="7、参赛者会看⻅三扇关闭了的⻔，其中⼀扇的后⾯有⼀辆汽⻋，选中后⾯有⻋的那扇⻔可赢得该汽⻋，另外两扇⻔后⾯则各藏有⼀只⼭⽺。当参赛者选定了⼀扇⻔，但未去开启它的时候，节⽬主持⼈开启剩下两扇⻔的其中⼀扇，露出其中⼀只⼭⽺。主持⼈其后会问参赛者要不要换另⼀扇仍然关上的⻔。问题是：换另⼀扇⻔会否增加参赛者赢得汽⻋的机率。"><!---->7、参赛者会看⻅三扇关闭了的⻔，其中⼀扇的后⾯有⼀辆汽⻋，选中后⾯有⻋的那扇⻔可赢得该汽⻋，另外两扇⻔后⾯则各藏有⼀只⼭⽺。当参赛者选定了⼀扇⻔，但未去开启它的时候，节⽬主持⼈开启剩下两扇⻔的其中⼀扇，露出其中⼀只⼭⽺。主持⼈其后会问参赛者要不要换另⼀扇仍然关上的⻔。问题是：换另⼀扇⻔会否增加参赛者赢得汽⻋的机率。<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#不懂的题" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="不懂的题"><!---->不懂的题<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#有-100-个囚犯分别关在-100-间牢房里。牢房外有一个空荡荡的房间-房间里有一个由开关控制的灯泡。初始时-灯是关着的。看守每次随便选择一名囚犯进入房间-但保证每个囚犯都会被选中无穷多次。如果在某一时刻-有囚犯成功断定出所有人都进过这个房间了-所有囚犯都能释放。游戏开始前-所有囚犯可以聚在一起商量对策-但在此之后它们唯一可用来交流的工具就只有那个灯泡。他们应该设计一个怎样的协议呢" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="有 100 个囚犯分别关在 100 间牢房⾥。牢房外有⼀个空荡荡的房间，房间⾥有⼀个由开关控制的灯泡。初始时，灯是关着的。看守每次随便选择⼀名囚犯进⼊房间，但保证每个囚犯都会被选中⽆穷多次。如果在某⼀时刻，有囚犯成功断定出所有⼈都进过这个房间了，所有囚犯都能释放。游戏开始前，所有囚犯可以聚在⼀起商量对策，但在此之后它们唯⼀可⽤来交流的⼯具就只有那个灯泡。他们应该设计⼀个怎样的协议呢？"><!---->有 100 个囚犯分别关在 100 间牢房⾥。牢房外有⼀个空荡荡的房间，房间⾥有⼀个由开关控制的灯泡。初始时，灯是关着的。看守每次随便选择⼀名囚犯进⼊房间，但保证每个囚犯都会被选中⽆穷多次。如果在某⼀时刻，有囚犯成功断定出所有⼈都进过这个房间了，所有囚犯都能释放。游戏开始前，所有囚犯可以聚在⼀起商量对策，但在此之后它们唯⼀可⽤来交流的⼯具就只有那个灯泡。他们应该设计⼀个怎样的协议呢？<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul></li></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/interview/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="系统设计"><span class="icon iconfont icon-lock" style=""></span>系统设计<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/interview/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="计算机网络"><span class="icon iconfont icon-lock" style=""></span>计算机网络<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/interview/%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="设计模式"><!---->设计模式<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li></ul></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><p class="sidebar-heading clickable"><span class="icon iconfont icon-creative" style=""></span><a href="/zh/guide/" class="title">如何使用</a><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/guide/page.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="页面配置"><span class="icon iconfont icon-page" style=""></span>页面配置<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/guide/markdown.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="Markdown 展示"><span class="icon iconfont icon-markdown" style=""></span>Markdown 展示<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/guide/disable.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="布局与功能禁用"><span class="icon iconfont icon-config" style=""></span>布局与功能禁用<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/guide/encrypt.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="密码加密的文章"><span class="icon iconfont icon-lock" style=""></span>密码加密的文章<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li></ul></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span class="icon iconfont icon-note" style=""></span><span class="title">文章</span><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><span class="icon iconfont icon-note" style=""></span><span class="title">文章 1-4</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span class="icon iconfont icon-note" style=""></span><span class="title">文章 5-12</span><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><span class="icon iconfont icon-note" style=""></span><span class="title">文章 5-8</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span class="icon iconfont icon-note" style=""></span><span class="title">文章 9-12</span><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/posts/article9.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="文章 9"><span class="icon iconfont icon-edit" style=""></span>文章 9<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/posts/article10.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="文章 10"><span class="icon iconfont icon-edit" style=""></span>文章 10<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/posts/article11.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="文章 11"><span class="icon iconfont icon-edit" style=""></span>文章 11<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/posts/article12.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="文章 12"><span class="icon iconfont icon-edit" style=""></span>文章 12<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li></ul></section><!--]--></li></ul></section><!--]--></li></ul></section><!--]--></li></ul><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside><!--[--><main class="page" id="main-content"><!--[--><!----><nav class="breadcrumb disable"></nav><div class="page-title"><h1><span class="icon iconfont icon-lock" style=""></span>智力题</h1><div class="page-info"><span class="author-info" aria-label="作者🖊" data-balloon-pos="down" isoriginal="false" pageview="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon author-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="author icon"><path d="M649.6 633.6c86.4-48 147.2-144 147.2-249.6 0-160-128-288-288-288s-288 128-288 288c0 108.8 57.6 201.6 147.2 249.6-121.6 48-214.4 153.6-240 288-3.2 9.6 0 19.2 6.4 25.6 3.2 9.6 12.8 12.8 22.4 12.8h704c9.6 0 19.2-3.2 25.6-12.8 6.4-6.4 9.6-16 6.4-25.6-25.6-134.4-121.6-240-243.2-288z"></path></svg><span><a class="author-item" href="https://changlu.blog.csdn.net" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">长路</a></span><span property="author" content="长路"></span></span><!----><!----><span class="category-info" aria-label="分类🌈" data-balloon-pos="down" isoriginal="false" pageview="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon category-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="category icon"><path d="M148.41 106.992h282.176c22.263 0 40.31 18.048 40.31 40.31V429.48c0 22.263-18.047 40.31-40.31 40.31H148.41c-22.263 0-40.311-18.047-40.311-40.31V147.302c0-22.263 18.048-40.31 40.311-40.31zM147.556 553.478H429.73c22.263 0 40.311 18.048 40.311 40.31v282.176c0 22.263-18.048 40.312-40.31 40.312H147.555c-22.263 0-40.311-18.049-40.311-40.312V593.79c0-22.263 18.048-40.311 40.31-40.311zM593.927 106.992h282.176c22.263 0 40.31 18.048 40.31 40.31V429.48c0 22.263-18.047 40.31-40.31 40.31H593.927c-22.263 0-40.311-18.047-40.311-40.31V147.302c0-22.263 18.048-40.31 40.31-40.31zM730.22 920.502H623.926c-40.925 0-74.22-33.388-74.22-74.425V623.992c0-41.038 33.387-74.424 74.425-74.424h222.085c41.038 0 74.424 33.226 74.424 74.067v114.233c0 10.244-8.304 18.548-18.547 18.548s-18.548-8.304-18.548-18.548V623.635c0-20.388-16.746-36.974-37.33-36.974H624.13c-20.585 0-37.331 16.747-37.331 37.33v222.086c0 20.585 16.654 37.331 37.126 37.331H730.22c10.243 0 18.547 8.304 18.547 18.547 0 10.244-8.304 18.547-18.547 18.547z"></path></svg><ul class="categories-wrapper"><li class="category category8 clickable" role="navigation">面试题</li><meta property="articleSection" content="面试题"></ul></span><span aria-label="标签🏷" data-balloon-pos="down" isoriginal="false" pageview="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon tag-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="tag icon"><path d="M939.902 458.563L910.17 144.567c-1.507-16.272-14.465-29.13-30.737-30.737L565.438 84.098h-.402c-3.215 0-5.726 1.005-7.634 2.913l-470.39 470.39a10.004 10.004 0 000 14.164l365.423 365.424c1.909 1.908 4.42 2.913 7.132 2.913s5.223-1.005 7.132-2.913l470.39-470.39c2.01-2.11 3.014-5.023 2.813-8.036zm-240.067-72.121c-35.458 0-64.286-28.828-64.286-64.286s28.828-64.285 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95.149-87.382 213.728-88.676V450.445c-93.077-3.107-167.901-81.297-167.901-177.093 0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.793-15.793 8.803 0 15.794 6.99 15.794 15.793 0 80.261 63.69 145.635 142.01 145.635s142.011-65.374 142.011-145.635c0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.794-15.793s15.793 6.99 15.793 15.793c0 95.019-73.789 172.82-165.96 177.093z"></path></svg><span>大约 4 分钟</span><meta property="timeRequired" content="PT4M"></span></div><hr></div><div class="toc-place-holder"><aside id="toc"><div class="toc-header">此页内容</div><div class="toc-wrapper"><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_1、有-25-匹⻢和-5-条赛道-赛⻢过程无法进行计时-只能知道相对快慢。问最少需要几场赛⻢可以知道前3名" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">1、有 25 匹⻢和 5 条赛道，赛⻢过程⽆法进⾏计时，只能知道相对快慢。问最少需要⼏场赛⻢可以知道前3名?</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_2、给定两条绳子-每条绳子烧完正好一个小时-并且绳子是不均匀的。问要怎么准确测量-15分钟。" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">2、给定两条绳⼦，每条绳⼦烧完正好⼀个⼩时，并且绳⼦是不均匀的。问要怎么准确测量 15分钟。</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_3、有-9-个球-其中-8-个球质量相同-有-1-个球比较重。要求用-2-次天平-找出比较重的那个球。" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">3、有 9 个球，其中 8 个球质量相同，有 1 个球⽐较重。要求⽤ 2 次天平，找出⽐较重的那个球。</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_4、有-20-瓶药丸-其中-19-瓶药丸质量相同为-1克-剩下一瓶药丸质量为-1-1-克。瓶子中有无数个药丸。要求用一次天平找出药丸质量-1-1克的药瓶。" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">4、有 20 瓶药丸，其中 19 瓶药丸质量相同为 1克，剩下⼀瓶药丸质量为 1.1 克。瓶⼦中有⽆数个药丸。要求⽤⼀次天平找出药丸质量 1.1克的药瓶。</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_5、有两个杯子-容量分别为-5-升和-3-升-水的供应不断。问怎么用这两个杯子得到-4-升的水。" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">5、有两个杯⼦，容量分别为 5 升和 3 升，⽔的供应不断。问怎么⽤这两个杯⼦得到 4 升的⽔。</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_6、【概率论问题】家里有两个孩子-一个是女孩-另一个也是女孩的概率是多少" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">6、【概率论问题】家⾥有两个孩⼦，⼀个是⼥孩，另⼀个也是⼥孩的概率是多少？</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#_7、参赛者会看⻅三扇关闭了的⻔-其中一扇的后面有一辆汽⻋-选中后面有⻋的那扇⻔可赢得该汽⻋-另外两扇⻔后面则各藏有一只山羊。当参赛者选定了一扇⻔-但未去开启它的时候-节目主持人开启剩下两扇⻔的其中一扇-露出其中一只山羊。主持人其后会问参赛者要不要换另一扇仍然关上的⻔。问题是-换另一扇⻔会否增加参赛者赢得汽⻋的机率。" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">7、参赛者会看⻅三扇关闭了的⻔，其中⼀扇的后⾯有⼀辆汽⻋，选中后⾯有⻋的那扇⻔可赢得该汽⻋，另外两扇⻔后⾯则各藏有⼀只⼭⽺。当参赛者选定了⼀扇⻔，但未去开启它的时候，节⽬主持⼈开启剩下两扇⻔的其中⼀扇，露出其中⼀只⼭⽺。主持⼈其后会问参赛者要不要换另⼀扇仍然关上的⻔。问题是：换另⼀扇⻔会否增加参赛者赢得汽⻋的机率。</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#不懂的题" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">不懂的题</a></li><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/interview/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%A2%98.html#有-100-个囚犯分别关在-100-间牢房里。牢房外有一个空荡荡的房间-房间里有一个由开关控制的灯泡。初始时-灯是关着的。看守每次随便选择一名囚犯进入房间-但保证每个囚犯都会被选中无穷多次。如果在某一时刻-有囚犯成功断定出所有人都进过这个房间了-所有囚犯都能释放。游戏开始前-所有囚犯可以聚在一起商量对策-但在此之后它们唯一可用来交流的工具就只有那个灯泡。他们应该设计一个怎样的协议呢" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">有 100 个囚犯分别关在 100 间牢房⾥。牢房外有⼀个空荡荡的房间，房间⾥有⼀个由开关控制的灯泡。初始时，灯是关着的。看守每次随便选择⼀名囚犯进⼊房间，但保证每个囚犯都会被选中⽆穷多次。如果在某⼀时刻，有囚犯成功断定出所有⼈都进过这个房间了，所有囚犯都能释放。游戏开始前，所有囚犯可以聚在⼀起商量对策，但在此之后它们唯⼀可⽤来交流的⼯具就只有那个灯泡。他们应该设计⼀个怎样的协议呢？</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul><!--]--></ul></div></aside></div><!----><div class="theme-hope-content"><h1 id="智力题" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#智力题" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 智力题</h1><h2 id="_1、有-25-匹⻢和-5-条赛道-赛⻢过程无法进行计时-只能知道相对快慢。问最少需要几场赛⻢可以知道前3名" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1、有-25-匹⻢和-5-条赛道-赛⻢过程无法进行计时-只能知道相对快慢。问最少需要几场赛⻢可以知道前3名" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 1、有 25 匹⻢和 5 条赛道，赛⻢过程⽆法进⾏计时，只能知道相对快慢。问最少需要⼏场赛⻢可以知道前3名?</h2><blockquote><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/itcodexy/article/details/116335332?spm=1001.2101.3001.6650.1&amp;utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2%7Edefault%7ECTRLIST%7Edefault-1-116335332-blog-105027310.pc_relevant_antiscanv4&amp;depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2%7Edefault%7ECTRLIST%7Edefault-1-116335332-blog-105027310.pc_relevant_antiscanv4&amp;utm_relevant_index=2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">腾讯面试题：64匹马，8赛道，找出最快的4匹最少要几次?<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>：这篇讲的特别详细</p><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/realYuzhou/article/details/109024970" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">思维题：25匹马，5个赛道，求选出速度最快的3匹马最少需要多少次比赛？<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p></blockquote><blockquote><p>25匹马、5个赛道、前三名</p></blockquote><p><img src="https://pictured-bed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/2022/6/202206261807334.png" alt="image-20220626180750178" loading="lazy"></p><blockquote><p>64匹马、8个赛道、前4名</p></blockquote><p><img src="https://pictured-bed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/2022/6/202206261808922.png" alt="image-20220626180816679" loading="lazy"></p><h2 id="_2、给定两条绳子-每条绳子烧完正好一个小时-并且绳子是不均匀的。问要怎么准确测量-15分钟。" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2、给定两条绳子-每条绳子烧完正好一个小时-并且绳子是不均匀的。问要怎么准确测量-15分钟。" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 2、给定两条绳⼦，每条绳⼦烧完正好⼀个⼩时，并且绳⼦是不均匀的。问要怎么准确测量 15分钟。</h2><blockquote><p>核心：拆分</p></blockquote><p>1、首先点燃第一条绳子得两端，与此同时点燃第二条绳子得一端。</p><p>2、第一条绳子烧完30分钟过去了，此时第二个绳子只剩下一半那么预计还要30分钟烧完下一半。</p><p>3、此时点燃第二个绳子另一端，<strong>此时就可以计时了！那么这两端烧完后就剩余15分钟了</strong>。</p><h2 id="_3、有-9-个球-其中-8-个球质量相同-有-1-个球比较重。要求用-2-次天平-找出比较重的那个球。" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3、有-9-个球-其中-8-个球质量相同-有-1-个球比较重。要求用-2-次天平-找出比较重的那个球。" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 3、有 9 个球，其中 8 个球质量相同，有 1 个球⽐较重。要求⽤ 2 次天平，找出⽐较重的那个球。</h2><blockquote><p>核心：拆分</p></blockquote><p>将9个球分为三组A、B、C，任意选择两组，此时就会出现两种情况。</p><ul><li>情况1：若是两组重量相等，那么肯定是在另一组中。</li><li>情况2：两组重量不同，那么就是在略微重一些的组里。</li></ul><p>经过<strong>第一次称重</strong>，我们就可以确定重的球在哪个组里，那么此时我们对针对那组的三个球进行操作即可，同样任选两个球进行<strong>第二次称重</strong>，那么与第一次的思路一致，我们就能够选择出比较重的那个球。</p><h2 id="_4、有-20-瓶药丸-其中-19-瓶药丸质量相同为-1克-剩下一瓶药丸质量为-1-1-克。瓶子中有无数个药丸。要求用一次天平找出药丸质量-1-1克的药瓶。" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4、有-20-瓶药丸-其中-19-瓶药丸质量相同为-1克-剩下一瓶药丸质量为-1-1-克。瓶子中有无数个药丸。要求用一次天平找出药丸质量-1-1克的药瓶。" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 4、有 20 瓶药丸，其中 19 瓶药丸质量相同为 1克，剩下⼀瓶药丸质量为 1.1 克。瓶⼦中有⽆数个药丸。要求⽤⼀次天平找出药丸质量 1.1克的药瓶。</h2><blockquote><p>思路：差异化分析。</p></blockquote><p>可以从药丸的数量上来制造差异：从第 i 瓶药丸中取出 i 个药丸，然后⼀起称重。可以知道，如果第 i 瓶药丸重 1.1克/粒，那么称重结果就会⽐正常情况下重 0.1 * i 克。</p><h2 id="_5、有两个杯子-容量分别为-5-升和-3-升-水的供应不断。问怎么用这两个杯子得到-4-升的水。" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_5、有两个杯子-容量分别为-5-升和-3-升-水的供应不断。问怎么用这两个杯子得到-4-升的水。" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 5、有两个杯⼦，容量分别为 5 升和 3 升，⽔的供应不断。问怎么⽤这两个杯⼦得到 4 升的⽔。</h2><p>1、5升水倒满，然后倒入到3升杯子中，此时5升水的杯子有两升。</p><p>2、接着将3升的杯子水倒掉，将2两升水到在3升杯子里，此时3升的杯子还可以容纳1升的水。</p><p>3、此时将5升水倒满，将3升的杯子补满，那么此时5升的杯子就有4升的水了。</p><h2 id="_6、【概率论问题】家里有两个孩子-一个是女孩-另一个也是女孩的概率是多少" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_6、【概率论问题】家里有两个孩子-一个是女孩-另一个也是女孩的概率是多少" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 6、【概率论问题】家⾥有两个孩⼦，⼀个是⼥孩，另⼀个也是⼥孩的概率是多少？</h2><blockquote><p>男孩、女孩问题</p></blockquote><p>其中一个是女孩，这个有两个情况可能：①至少有一个女孩。②A是女孩。</p><p>那么针对于情况1，那么概率就是1/3。</p><p>对于情况2：概率就是1/2。</p><p><img src="https://pictured-bed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/2022/6/202206271656976.png" alt="image-20220627165655659" loading="lazy"></p><blockquote><p>三个囚犯问题</p></blockquote><p><a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ws411j77v?vd_source=b19269a4ae00481d5ff13d1897127b8b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">两个孩子，一个是女孩，另一个也是女孩的概率是多少？“三个囚犯”问题又是怎么回事？李永乐老师讲条件概率<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><img src="https://pictured-bed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/img/2022/6/202206271703134.png" alt="image-20220627170316970" loading="lazy"></p><h2 id="_7、参赛者会看⻅三扇关闭了的⻔-其中一扇的后面有一辆汽⻋-选中后面有⻋的那扇⻔可赢得该汽⻋-另外两扇⻔后面则各藏有一只山羊。当参赛者选定了一扇⻔-但未去开启它的时候-节目主持人开启剩下两扇⻔的其中一扇-露出其中一只山羊。主持人其后会问参赛者要不要换另一扇仍然关上的⻔。问题是-换另一扇⻔会否增加参赛者赢得汽⻋的机率。" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_7、参赛者会看⻅三扇关闭了的⻔-其中一扇的后面有一辆汽⻋-选中后面有⻋的那扇⻔可赢得该汽⻋-另外两扇⻔后面则各藏有一只山羊。当参赛者选定了一扇⻔-但未去开启它的时候-节目主持人开启剩下两扇⻔的其中一扇-露出其中一只山羊。主持人其后会问参赛者要不要换另一扇仍然关上的⻔。问题是-换另一扇⻔会否增加参赛者赢得汽⻋的机率。" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 7、参赛者会看⻅三扇关闭了的⻔，其中⼀扇的后⾯有⼀辆汽⻋，选中后⾯有⻋的那扇⻔可赢得该汽⻋，另外两扇⻔后⾯则各藏有⼀只⼭⽺。当参赛者选定了⼀扇⻔，但未去开启它的时候，节⽬主持⼈开启剩下两扇⻔的其中⼀扇，露出其中⼀只⼭⽺。主持⼈其后会问参赛者要不要换另⼀扇仍然关上的⻔。问题是：换另⼀扇⻔会否增加参赛者赢得汽⻋的机率。</h2><h2 id="不懂的题" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#不懂的题" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 不懂的题</h2><h3 id="有-100-个囚犯分别关在-100-间牢房里。牢房外有一个空荡荡的房间-房间里有一个由开关控制的灯泡。初始时-灯是关着的。看守每次随便选择一名囚犯进入房间-但保证每个囚犯都会被选中无穷多次。如果在某一时刻-有囚犯成功断定出所有人都进过这个房间了-所有囚犯都能释放。游戏开始前-所有囚犯可以聚在一起商量对策-但在此之后它们唯一可用来交流的工具就只有那个灯泡。他们应该设计一个怎样的协议呢" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#有-100-个囚犯分别关在-100-间牢房里。牢房外有一个空荡荡的房间-房间里有一个由开关控制的灯泡。初始时-灯是关着的。看守每次随便选择一名囚犯进入房间-但保证每个囚犯都会被选中无穷多次。如果在某一时刻-有囚犯成功断定出所有人都进过这个房间了-所有囚犯都能释放。游戏开始前-所有囚犯可以聚在一起商量对策-但在此之后它们唯一可用来交流的工具就只有那个灯泡。他们应该设计一个怎样的协议呢" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 有 100 个囚犯分别关在 100 间牢房⾥。牢房外有⼀个空荡荡的房间，房间⾥有⼀个由开关控制的灯泡。初始时，灯是关着的。看守每次随便选择⼀名囚犯进⼊房间，但保证每个囚犯都会被选中⽆穷多次。如果在某⼀时刻，有囚犯成功断定出所有⼈都进过这个房间了，所有囚犯都能释放。游戏开始前，所有囚犯可以聚在⼀起商量对策，但在此之后它们唯⼀可⽤来交流的⼯具就只有那个灯泡。他们应该设计⼀个怎样的协议呢？</h3></div><!----><footer class="page-meta"><div class="meta-item 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